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Instead of working with Hubble's constant, a common practice is to introduce the dimensionless Hubble constant, usually denoted by h and commonly referred to as "little h", [29] then to write Hubble's constant H 0 as h × 100 km⋅s −1 ⋅Mpc −1, all the relative uncertainty of the true value of H 0 being then relegated to h. [46]
The law states that the greater the distance between any two galaxies, the greater their relative speed of separation. In 1929, Edwin Hubble discovered that most of the universe was expanding and moving away from everything else. If everything is moving away from everything else, then it should be thought that everything was once closer together.
Hubble's law implies that the universe is uniformly expanding everywhere. This cosmic expansion was predicted from general relativity by Friedmann in 1922 [ 59 ] and Lemaître in 1927, [ 63 ] well before Hubble made his 1929 analysis and observations, and it remains the cornerstone of the Big Bang model as developed by Friedmann, Lemaître ...
In 2011, the journal Nature reported claims that Hubble might have played a role in the redaction of key parts of the 1931 English translation of Lemaître's 1927 paper, which formulated what was later called Hubble's law and also gave observational evidence. Historians quoted in the article were skeptical that the redactions were part of a ...
The proportionality between distance and recessional velocity for galaxies has since been commonly known as "Hubble's law", but in 2018 the International Astronomical Union (IAU) adopted a resolution recommending that it be referred to as the "Hubble-Lemaître law". [2]
Hubble's law predicts that objects farther than the Hubble horizon are receding faster than light. This outcome is not in violation of special relativity . Since special relativity treats flat spacetimes, it is only valid over small distances within the context of the curved spacetime of the universe.
The law is named for the astronomers Edwin Hubble and John Henry Reynolds. It was first formulated by Reynolds in 1913 [ 2 ] from his observations of galaxies (then still known as nebulae). It was later re-derived by Hubble in 1930 [ 3 ] specifically in observations of elliptical galaxies.
1995 – Hubble Deep Field survey of galaxies in field 144 arc seconds across. 1998 – The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey maps the large-scale structure in a section of the Universe close to the Milky Way. 1998 – The Hubble Deep Field South is compiled. 1998 – Discovery of accelerating universe. [13]