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Gibbard's 1978 theorem states that a nondeterministic voting method is only strategyproof if it's a mixture of unilateral and duple rules. For instance, the rule that flips a coin and chooses a random dictator if the coin lands on heads, or chooses the pairwise winner between two random candidates if the coin lands on tails, is strategyproof.
Strategic or tactical voting is voting in consideration of possible ballots cast by other voters in order to maximize one's satisfaction with the election's results. [1] Gibbard's theorem shows that no voting system has a single "always-best" strategy, i.e. one that always maximizes a voter's satisfaction with the result, regardless of other ...
Gibbard's proof of the theorem is more general and covers processes of collective decision that may not be ordinal, such as cardinal voting. [note 1] Gibbard's 1978 theorem and Hylland's theorem are even more general and extend these results to non-deterministic processes, where the outcome may depend partly on chance; the Duggan–Schwartz ...
Gibbard's theorem, built upon the earlier Arrow's theorem and the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem, to prove that for any single-winner deterministic voting methods, at least one of the following three properties must hold: The process is dictatorial, i.e. there is a single voter whose vote chooses the outcome.
Like all (deterministic, non-dictatorial, multicandidate) voting methods, rated methods are vulnerable to strategic voting, due to Gibbard's theorem. Cardinal methods where voters give each candidate a number of points and the points are summed are called additive. Both range voting and cumulative voting are of this type.
Social choice theory is a branch of welfare economics that extends the theory of rational choice to collective decision-making. [1] Social choice studies the behavior of different mathematical procedures (social welfare functions) used to combine individual preferences into a coherent whole.
Here are seven charts and maps that explain how the US popular vote, turnout in individual states and ultimately turnout in the seven key battleground states – where electoral votes were up for ...
Sequential proportional approval voting (SPAV) or reweighted approval voting (RAV) [1] is an electoral system that extends the concept of approval voting to a multiple winner election. It is a simplified version of proportional approval voting .