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Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 3 P O 4. It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non-volatile syrupy liquid. It is a major industrial ...
The single-bonded oxygen atoms that are not shared are completed with acidic hydrogen atoms. The general formula of a phosphoric acid is H n+2−2x P n O 3n+1−x, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure, between 0 and n + 2 / 2 . Pyrophosphate anion. Trimethyl ...
In chemistry, phosphorus oxoacid (or phosphorus acid) is a generic name for any acid whose molecule consists of atoms of phosphorus, oxygen, and hydrogen. [1] There is a potentially infinite number of such compounds. Some of them are unstable and have not been isolated, but the derived anions and organic groups are present in stable salts and ...
The phosphate ion has a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol, and consists of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. It is the conjugate base of the hydrogen phosphate ion H(PO 4) 2−, which in turn is the conjugate base of the dihydrogen phosphate ion H 2 (PO 4) −
Hypophosphoric acid can be prepared by the reaction of red phosphorus with sodium chlorite at room temperature. [2]2 P + 2 NaClO 2 + 2 H 2 O → Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 6 + 2 HCl. A mixture of hypophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid (H 3 PO 3) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) is produced when white phosphorus oxidises in air when partially immersed in water.
Other important organic compounds that contain oxygen are: glycerol, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, citric acid, acetic anhydride, acetamide, etc. Epoxides are ethers in which the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms. Oxygen reacts spontaneously with many organic compounds at or below room temperature in a process called autoxidation. [7]
Solid HP(O)(OH) 2 has tetrahedral geometry about the central phosphorus atom, with a P−H bond of 132 pm, one P=O double bond of 148 pm and two longer P−OH single bonds of 154 pm. In common with other phosphorus oxides with P−H bonds (e.g. hypophosphorous acid and dialkyl phosphites ), [ 2 ] it exists in equilibrium with an extremely minor ...
It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane and alcohols. The formula for this acid is generally written H 3 PO 2, but a more descriptive presentation is HOP(O)H 2, which highlights its monoprotic character. Salts derived from this acid are called hypophosphites. [3]