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The Italian statistician Corrado Gini developed the Gini coefficient and published it in his 1912 paper Variabilità e mutabilità (English: variability and mutability). [16] [17] Building on the work of American economist Max Lorenz, Gini proposed using the difference between the hypothetical straight line depicting perfect equality and the actual line depicting people's incomes as a measure ...
Thus, a Gini coefficient that increases over time indicates rising income inequality." "The Gini coefficient can also be interpreted as a measure of one-half of the average difference in income between every pair of households in the population, divided by the average income of the total population.
The Gini Coefficient, a statistical measurement of the inequality present in a nation's income distribution developed by Italian statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini, for the United States has increased over the last few decades. The closer the Gini Coefficient is to one, the closer its income distribution is to absolute inequality.
A score of "0" on the Gini coefficient represents complete equality, i.e. every person has the same income. A score of 1 would represent the case in which one person would have all the income and others would have none. Therefore, a lower Gini score is roughly associated with a more equal distribution of income and vice versa.
Post-tax Gini coefficient: 0.39. Unemployment rate: 4.4%. GDP per capita: $53 632. Poverty rate: 11.1%. [43] Low unemployment rate and high GDP are signs of the health of the U.S. economy. But there is almost 18% of people living below the poverty line and the Gini coefficient is quite high. That ranks the United States 9th income inequal in ...
Compared to the Gini coefficient in practice, CV puts higher weight on the right tail of the scale, making it sensitive to the rich. Coefficient of variation may be a suitable choice of measure if the goal of a study is to analyze the wealth concentration at the top of the distribution. [17] [18]
The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1 or 100, where 0 represents perfect equality (everyone has the same income). Meanwhile, an index of 1 or 100 implies perfect inequality (one person has all the income, and everyone else has no income).
The majority of European countries have a Gini coefficient between 0.3 and 0.4. These countries, such as Switzerland, Italy, France, and United Kingdom, are situated in the middle of the Great Gatsby Curve. [18] Surprisingly, the United States of America, which is perceived as the country of equal opportunities, is located in the middle of the ...