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  2. Chirality (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(physics)

    Chirality for a Dirac fermion ψ is defined through the operator γ 5, which has eigenvalues ±1; the eigenvalue's sign is equal to the particle's chirality: +1 for right-handed, −1 for left-handed. Any Dirac field can thus be projected into its left- or right-handed component by acting with the projection operators ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (1 − γ 5 ...

  3. Homonymous hemianopsia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonymous_hemianopsia

    For example, a person who has a lesion of the right optic tract will no longer see objects on his left side. Similarly, a person who has a stroke to the right occipital lobe will have the same visual field defect, usually more congruent between the two eyes, and there may be macular sparing .

  4. Visual pathway lesions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_pathway_lesions

    Visual field-bitemporal hemianopia Visual field-binasal hemianopia. A lesion involving complete optic chiasm, which disrupts the axons from the nasal field of both eyes, causes loss of vision of the right half of the right visual field and the left half of the left visual field. [3] This visual field defect is called as bitemporal hemianopia.

  5. Binasal hemianopsia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binasal_hemianopsia

    The visual field of each eye can be divided in two vertically, with the outer half being described as temporal or lateral, and the inner half being described as nasal. "Binasal hemianopsia" can be broken down as follows: bi-: involves both left and right visual fields; nasal: involves the nasal visual field; hemi-: involves one-half of each ...

  6. Gauge theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_theory

    The gauge field becomes an essential part of the description of a mathematical configuration. A configuration in which the gauge field can be eliminated by a gauge transformation has the property that its field strength (in mathematical language, its curvature) is zero everywhere; a gauge theory is not limited to these configurations. In other ...

  7. Zeeman effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeman_effect

    The total Hamiltonian of an atom in a magnetic field is = +, where is the unperturbed Hamiltonian of the atom, and is the perturbation due to the magnetic field: =, where is the magnetic moment of the atom. The magnetic moment consists of the electronic and nuclear parts; however, the latter is many orders of magnitude smaller and will be ...

  8. Anomaly (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomaly_(physics)

    In quantum physics an anomaly or quantum anomaly is the failure of a symmetry of a theory's classical action to be a symmetry of any regularization of the full quantum theory. [1] [2] In classical physics, a classical anomaly is the failure of a symmetry to be restored in the limit in which the symmetry-breaking parameter goes to zero.

  9. RST model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RST_model

    The Russo–Susskind–Thorlacius model [1] or RST model in short is a modification of the CGHS model to take care of conformal anomalies and render it analytically soluble. In the CGHS model, if we include Faddeev–Popov ghosts to gauge-fix diffeomorphisms in the conformal gauge, they contribute an anomaly of -24. Each matter field ...