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A hypnic jerk, hypnagogic jerk, sleep start, sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start is a brief and sudden involuntary contraction of the muscles of the body which occurs when a person is beginning to fall asleep, often causing the person to jump and awaken suddenly for a moment.
In unique cases of RMD, they hum or moan while asleep during an episode. Some patients describe the repetitive movements as relaxing and are only occasionally awakened by an RMD episode. Often, it is their partner or parent who first notes the symptoms. Additionally, it is often the partner or parent who led patients to seek medical attention.
Episodes may take place after waking or feeding, [4] or less often before falling asleep. [8] Episode duration, [ 2 ] [ 4 ] intensity, and muscle groups affected are variable. [ 4 ] Mild spasms may involve mere nodding, [ 8 ] muscle twitching or eye movements, whereas powerful spasms may result in the infant's body violently bending over (the ...
Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as abusive head trauma (AHT), is a controversial and scientifically disputed [4] [5] [6] medical condition in children younger than five years old, [3] hypothesized to be caused by blunt trauma, vigorous shaking, or a combination of both.
Myoclonus is a brief, involuntary, irregular (lacking rhythm) twitching of a muscle, a joint, or a group of muscles, different from clonus, which is rhythmic or regular.. Myoclonus (myo-"muscle", clonus "spasm") describes a medical sign and, generally, is not a diagnosis of a dis
Parasomnias are a category of sleep disorders that involve abnormal movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, and dreams that occur while falling asleep, sleeping, between sleep stages, or during arousal from sleep.
The disappearance of the head movements while asleep implies that their origin may lie within the extrapyramidal system which is a part of the motor system that controls coordination of movement. The tracts associated with the extrapyramidal system are controlled by various structures of the central nervous system , such as the cerebellum and ...
Disrupted sleep patterns are characteristic of Smith–Magenis syndrome, typically beginning early in life. Affected individuals may be very sleepy during the day, but have trouble falling asleep and awaken several times each night due to an inverted circadian rhythm of melatonin. [4]