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Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re-+ perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia).
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) tissue injury is the resultant pathology from a combination of factors, including tissue hypoxia, followed by tissue damage associated with re-oxygenation. IR injury contributes to disease and mortality in a variety of pathologies, including myocardial infarction , ischemic stroke , acute kidney injury , trauma ...
Reperfusion is the restoration of blood flow to an organ or tissue after having been blocked, and may refer to: Reperfusion injury , tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to the tissue Reperfusion therapy , the medical treatment that restores blood flow through blocked arteries, typically after a heart attack
This reperfusion results in inflammatory injury through three overlapping mechanisms. Some complimentary combination of, first, mitochondrial damage and, second, endothelial activation , causes a release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which initiates and/or exacerbates a pathophysiological inflammatory response.
KIM-1 - also known as Kidney Injury Model 1 is a protein that is highly expressed upon kidney injury. Therefore, higher levels of KIM-1 signifies that there is an injury with proximal tubes due to ischemia. [22] IL-6 - Interleukin-6 expression is a response to ischemia and reperfusion injury linked to renal dysfunction. This is also highly ...
This is typically secondary to stroke, injury, or cardiac arrest due to heart attack. Most ischemic neurons that die do so due to the activation of chemicals produced during and after ischemia. [2] The ischemic cascade usually goes on for two to three hours but can last for days, even after normal blood flow returns. [3]
Ischemic preconditioning of the heart (B) provides functional recovery of the heart contractile activity at reperfusion. If the blood supply to an organ or a tissue is impaired for a short time (usually less than five minutes) then restored so that blood flow is resumed, and the process repeated two or more times, the cells downstream of the tissue or organ are robustly protected from a final ...
Now an important complication of re-establishing perfusion, or reperfusion therapy, is reperfusion injury, where tissue is damaged by returning blood flow. And, this is thought to happen because of a couple mechanisms.