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Orbital cellulitis is inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum. It is most commonly caused by an acute spread of infection into the eye socket from either the adjacent sinuses or through the blood. It may also occur after trauma. When it affects the rear of the eye, it is known as retro-orbital cellulitis.
Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, also known as epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, is a contagious eye infection, a type of adenovirus disease caused by adenoviruses. [1] It typically presents as a conjunctivitis with a sudden onset of a painful red eye, watery discharge and feeling that something is in the eye. [3]
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
[7] [3] The viral infection may occur along with other symptoms of a common cold. [1] Both viral and bacterial cases are easily spread between people. [1] Allergies to pollen or animal hair are also a common cause. [3] Diagnosis is often based on signs and symptoms. [1] Occasionally, a sample of the discharge is sent for culture. [1]
Periorbital cellulitis, or preseptal cellulitis, is an inflammation and infection of the eyelid and portions of skin around the eye anterior to the orbital septum. [1] It may be caused by breaks in the skin around the eye, and subsequent spread to the eyelid; infection of the sinuses around the nose (); or from spread of an infection elsewhere through the blood.
Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. [2] The infection causes a roughening of the inner surface of the eyelids. [2] This roughening can lead to pain in the eyes, breakdown of the outer surface or cornea of the eyes, and eventual blindness. [2]
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) (also spelled acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis) is a derivative of the highly contagious conjunctivitis virus, [1] otherwise known as pink eye. Symptoms include excessively red, swollen eyes as well as subconjunctival hemorrhaging. Currently, there is no known treatment and patients are required to merely ...
Toxoplasma chorioretinitis, more simply known as ocular toxoplasmosis, is possibly the most common cause of infections in the back of the eye (posterior segment) worldwide. The causitive agent is Toxoplasma gondii, and in the United States, most cases are acquired congenitally. The most common symptom is decreased visual acuity in one eye.