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The double-hulled Polar Endeavour. Although double-hulled tankers reduce the likelihood of ships grazing rocks and creating holes in the hull, a double hull does not protect against major, high-energy collisions or groundings which cause the majority of oil pollution, despite this being the reason that the double hull was mandated by United States legislation. [7]
Most newer tankers are double-hulled, with an extra space between the hull and the storage tanks. [4] Hybrid designs such as double-bottom and double-sided combine aspects of single and double-hull designs. [4] All single-hulled tankers have been phased out as of 2015, in accordance with amendments to Annex I of the MARPOL Convention. [4]
Single hull, Double bottom, and Double hull ship cross sections. Green lines are watertight; black structure is not watertight. A double hull is a ship hull design and construction method where the bottom and sides of the ship have two complete layers of watertight hull surface: one outer layer forming the normal hull of the ship, and a second inner hull which is some distance inboard ...
Interest continues to build in public crude tanker owners, including DHT Holdings (NYSE: DHT), with shares being bid up by investors in anticipation of higher rates to come. Adjusted earnings per ...
Project 23130 tankers are a medium-sized sea tankers with a strengthened steel double-hull of the Arc 4 class, for operations in the Arctic conditions. They can operate in temperatures from +45 ºС in summer to -30 ºС in winter. [2]
A major component of tanker architecture is the design of the hull or outer structure. A tanker with a single outer shell between the product and the ocean is said to be "single-hulled". [83] Most newer tankers are "double hulled", with an extra space between the hull and the storage tanks. [83]
The Deepak class is a class of fleet replenishment tankers of the Indian Navy built by Fincantieri. Two ships were ordered and the first one joined the fleet on 21 January 2011, while the second joined on 1 October 2011. [3]
International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT). New York: Hyperion Books. ISBN 1-85609-081-7. Marine Board (1998). Double-Hull Tanker Legislation: An Assessment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (1998). Marine Board Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. ISBN 0-309-06370-1