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Louse-borne relapsing fever is more severe than the tick-borne variety. [citation needed] Louse-borne relapsing fever occurs in epidemics amid poor living conditions, famine, and war in the developing world. [6] It is currently prevalent in Ethiopia and Sudan. [citation needed] Mortality rate is 1% with treatment and 30–70% without treatment.
Borrelia recurrentis is a species of Borrelia, a spirochaete bacterium associated with relapsing fever. [1] [2] B. recurrentis is usually transmitted from person to person by the human body louse. [3] Since the 1800s, the body louse has been known as its only known vector. [4]
It is one of the relapsing fever spirochaetes, which are globally distributed yet understudied agents of tick-borne relapsing fever. [2] The tick vector Ornithodoros turicata transmits B. turicatae, which causes relapsing fever, an arthropod-borne infection of humans and other mammals caused by different Borrelia species.
Relapsing fever (RF) borreliosis often occurs with severe bacteremia. [24] Twenty-five species of Borrelia are known to cause relapsing fever. [25] While most species use the soft tick family Argasidae as their vector, some outliers live in hard ticks or lice. [25] Relapsing fever can be spread epidemically through lice or endemically through ...
Treatment: Antibiotics – amoxicillin in pregnant adults and children, doxycycline in other adults [30] Relapsing fever (tick-borne relapsing fever, different from Lyme disease due to different Borrelia species and ticks) Organisms: Borrelia species such as B. hermsii, B. parkeri, B. duttoni, B. miyamotoi; Vector: Ornithodoros species
Borrelia miyamotoi is a bacterium of the spirochete phylum in the genus Borrelia.A zoonotic organism, B. miyamotoi can infect humans through the bite of several species of hard-shell Ixodes ticks, the same kind of ticks that spread B. burgdorferi, the causative bacterium of Lyme disease.
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
Like the Borrelia that causes relapsing fever, B. burgdorferi has the ability to vary its surface proteins in response to immune attack. [ 73 ] [ 74 ] This ability is related to the genomic complexity of B. burgdorferi , and is another way that B. burgdorferi evades the immune system to establish a chronic infection.
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