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Some drugs can prevent trypanosomiasis, and are called prophylactic drugs. These are very effective in protecting animals during the times they are exposed to diseases. Historically, these drugs were not used properly, leading to some resistance. [7] [8] Waterbuck, among other animals, produces chemical odours that repel tsetse flies. This has ...
Surra (from the Marathi sūra, meaning the sound of heavy breathing through nostrils, of imitative origin) [1] is a disease of vertebrate animals. The disease is caused by protozoan trypanosomes , specifically Trypanosoma evansi , of several species which infect the blood of the vertebrate host, causing fever , weakness, and lethargy which lead ...
Animal trypanosomiasis is treated with six drugs: diminazene aceturate, homidium (homidium bromide and homidium chloride), isometamidium chloride, melarsomine, quinapyramine, and suramin. They are all highly toxic to animals, [106] and drug resistance is prevalent. [107] Homidium is the first prescription anti-trypanosomal drug.
The main approaches to controlling African trypanosomiasis are to reduce the reservoirs of infection and the presence of the tsetse fly. Screening of people at risk helps identify patients at an early stage. Diagnosis should be made as early as possible and before the advanced stage to avoid complicated, difficult and risky treatment procedures.
T. evansi, which causes one form of the disease surra in certain animals including camels [20] (a single case report of human infection in 2005 in India [21] was successfully treated with suramin [22]) T. everetti, in birds; T. hosei, in amphibians; T. irwini, in koalas; T. lewisi, in rats; T. melophagium, in sheep, transmitted via Melophagus ...
For either drug, treatment typically consists of two to three oral doses per day for 60 to 90 days. [2] Antiparasitic treatment is most effective early in the course of infection: it eliminates T. cruzi from 50 to 80% of people in the acute phase (WHO: "nearly 100 %" [41]), but only 20–60% of those in the chronic phase. [6]
African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals. [ 3 ] Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness or simply sleeping sickness , is caused by the species Trypanosoma brucei . [ 3 ]
Many species of flies of the two-winged type, Order Diptera, such as mosquitoes, horse-flies, blow-flies and warble-flies, cause direct parasitic disease to domestic animals, and transmit organisms that cause diseases. These infestations and infections cause distress to companion animals, and in livestock industry the financial costs of these ...