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In oceanography, terrigenous sediments are those derived from the erosion of rocks on land; that is, they are derived from terrestrial (as opposed to marine) environments. [1] Consisting of sand , mud , and silt carried to sea by rivers , their composition is usually related to their source rocks; deposition of these sediments is largely ...
Diamictite (/ ˈ d aɪ. əm ɪ k t aɪ t /; from Ancient Greek dia-: 'through' and meiktós (µεικτός): 'mixed') is a type of lithified sedimentary rock that consists of nonsorted to poorly sorted terrigenous sediment containing particles that range in size from clay to boulders, suspended in a matrix of mudstone or sandstone.
The two primary types of ooze are siliceous, which is composed primarily of silica (SiO 2), and calcareous or carbonate, which is mostly calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). [1] In an area in which biogenous is the dominant sediment type, the composition of microorganisms in that location determines to which category it is classified.
Marine sediment, or ocean sediment, or seafloor sediment, are deposits of insoluble particles that have accumulated on the seafloor.These particles either have their origins in soil and rocks and have been transported from the land to the sea, mainly by rivers but also by dust carried by wind and by the flow of glaciers into the sea, or they are biogenic deposits from marine organisms or from ...
Manganese nodule Nodules on the seabed Ferromanganese nodules found on the seafloor. Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are mineral concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core.
Terrigenous material includes minerals from the lithosphere like feldspar or quartz. Volcanism on land, wind blown sediments as well as particulates discharged from rivers can contribute to Hemipelagic deposits. [3] These deposits can be used to qualify climatic changes and identify changes in sediment provenances. [4] [5]
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...
Proterozoic gold deposits are also known from turbidite basin deposits. Lithified accumulations of turbidite deposits may, in time, become hydrocarbon reservoirs and the petroleum industry makes strenuous efforts to predict the location, overall shape, and internal characteristics of these sediment bodies in order to efficiently develop fields ...