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Therion is free and open-source cave surveying software designed to process survey data, generate maps and 3D models of caves, and archive [3] the data describing the cave and the history of exploration. Therion was developed by the Slovak cavers Martin Budaj and Stacho Mudrak [4] but is available in English.
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Total stations are the primary survey instrument used in mining surveying. A total station is used to record the absolute location of the tunnel walls, ceilings (backs), and floors, as the drifts of an underground mine are driven. The recorded data are then downloaded into a CAD program and compared to the designed layout of the tunnel.
In surveying, free stationing (also known as resection) is a method of determining a location of one unknown point in relation to known points. [1] There is a zero point of reference called a total station. The instrument can be freely positioned so that all survey points are at a suitable sight from the instrument.
Many software programs are available for each discipline of civil engineering. Most civil engineers practice in specialized subsets of civil engineering, such as geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, hydraulic engineering, environmental engineering, project and construction management and land surveying.
Deformation monitoring is primarily associated with the field of applied surveying but may also be relevant to civil engineering, mechanical engineering, construction, and geology. The measurement devices utilized for deformation monitoring depend on the application, the chosen method, and the preferred measurement interval.