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Under Salah al-Din, the Shafiʽi school again became the paramount thought in Egypt (the region had come under Shi'a influence prior to this period). [10] It was the "official school" of the Ayyubid dynasty and remained prominent during Mamlūk period also. [16] Baybars, the Mamlūk sultan, later appointed judges from all four madhabs in Egypt ...
The four Sunni Imams founded the four madhhab (schools of thought) recognized in Sunni Islam.While they agree on the foundational principles of fiqh according to the Sunni narrative, their interpretations of certain legal and practical matters differ, which led to the development of the four distinct madhhab.
Islamic schools of jurisprudence, known as madhhab, differ in the methodology they use to derive their rulings from the Quran, ḥadīth literature, the sunnah (accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad during his lifetime), and the tafsīr literature (exegetical commentaries on the Quran).
In the second century of Islam, schools of fiqh were noted for the loyalty of their jurists to the legal practices of their local communities, whether Mecca, Kufa, Basra, Syria, etc. [11] (Egypt's school in Fustat was a branch of Medina's school of law and followed such practices—up until the end of the 8th century—as basing verdict on one ...
The literalist school of thought represented by the Ẓāhirī madhhab remains prominent among many scholars and laymen associated with the Salafi movement, [41] and traces of it can be found in the modern-day Salafi movement. [44] The school experienced a revival in the Islamic State. [45]
The Maliki school is one of the largest groups of Sunni Muslims, comparable to the Shafi’i madhhab in adherents, but smaller than the Hanafi madhhab. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Sharia based on Maliki Fiqh is predominantly found in North Africa (excluding northern and eastern Egypt), West Africa , Chad , Sudan , Kuwait , Bahrain , [ 5 ] Qatar , [ 6 ] the ...
Today, the Hanafi school is the largest Islamic school of law, constituting approximately one-third of all Muslims. It is the predominant school in the former Ottoman territories, including Turkey and much of the Levant. It is also predominant among Muslims in Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, China, the Caucasus and the Balkans. [82]
The Jariri school is the name given to a short-lived Sunni school of fiqh that was derived from the work of al-Tabari, the 9th and 10th-century Persian Muslim scholar in Baghdad. Although it eventually became extinct, al-Tabari's madhhab flourished among Sunni ulama for two centuries after his death.