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The human back, also called the dorsum (pl.: dorsa), is the large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck. [1] It is the surface of the body opposite from the chest and the abdomen .
Sensation, including pain and the sense of joint position (proprioception), travel via the ventral rami of the third (C3) and fourth (C4) cervical spinal nerves. [5] Since it is a muscle of the upper limb, the trapezius is not innervated by dorsal rami, despite being placed superficially in the back.
Pain in this area can be a result of tightness, both in the larger muscles, like the latissimus dorsi and trapezius, and also in the smaller muscles like the infraspinatus and the multifidus that ...
Pain can also be in the side of the neck, the pectoral area below the clavicle, the armpit/axillary area, and the upper back (i.e., the trapezius and rhomboid area). Discoloration of the hands, one hand colder than the other hand, weakness of the hand and arm muscles, and tingling are commonly present.
There are several options of treatment when iatrogenic (i.e., caused by the surgeon) spinal accessory nerve damage is noted during surgery. For example, during a functional neck dissection that injures the spinal accessory nerve, injury prompts the surgeon to cautiously preserve branches of C2, C3, and C4 spinal nerves that provide supplemental innervation to the trapezius muscle. [3]
Trapezius: The traps, which play an important role in maintaining posture, extend from your head, down your neck, across your shoulders, and down your back, creating a trapezoid shape, according ...
Regular exercise is also useful in strengthening the upper back and neck muscles. Postural alignment, pain and discomfort will be reduced to improve our overall health and wellbeing. Prolonged pain or discomfort as a result of rounded shoulders should be reported to medical practitioners. [33]
Any pain in this area is considered "middle back pain". [2] The exact symptoms associated with middle back pain will depend upon the underlying cause. Most middle back pain is not serious in nature. However, it does tend to have more serious pathology associated with it than pain in the neck or low back. [3]