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History of Optics (audio mp3) by Simon Schaffer, Professor in History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge, Jim Bennett, Director of the Museum of the History of Science at the University of Oxford and Emily Winterburn, Curator of Astronomy at the National Maritime Museum (recorded by the BBC
While working at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, James Russell invented an optical storage system for digital audio and video, patenting the concept in 1970. [4] The earliest patents by Russell, US 3,501,586, and 3,795,902 were filed in 1966, and 1969. respectively. [5] [6] He built prototypes, and the first was operating in 1973.
Heinrich Lamm (January 19, 1908 – July 12, 1974), a Jewish German-American physician, was a pioneer in using optical fibers for image transmission, and was the first to make a fiber-optic endoscope.
A replica of a Chappe telegraph tower (18th century). A 'semaphore telegraph', also called a 'semaphore line', 'optical telegraph', 'shutter telegraph chain', 'Chappe telegraph', or 'Napoleonic semaphore', is a system used for conveying information by means of visual signals, using towers with pivoting arms or shutters, also known as blades or paddles.
1021 – Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) writes the Book of Optics, studying vision. 1088 – Shen Kuo first recognizes magnetic declination. 1187 – Alexander Neckham is first in Europe to describe the magnetic compass and its use in navigation.
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. [1] Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light.
Optical engineers use the science of optics to solve problems and to design and build devices that make light do something useful. [3] They design and operate optical equipment that uses the properties of light using physics and chemistry , [ 4 ] such as lenses , microscopes , telescopes , lasers , sensors , fiber-optic communication systems ...
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