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Robert Magnus Martinson (May 19, 1927 – August 11, 1979) was an American sociologist, whose 1974 study "What Works?", concerning the shortcomings of existing prisoner rehabilitation programs, was highly influential, creating what became known as the "nothing works" doctrine. [1]
Rehabilitation was blamed by liberals for allowing the state to act coercively against offenders, and was blamed by conservatives for allowing the state to act leniently toward offenders. In this context, the death knell of rehabilitation was seemingly sounded by Robert Martinson ’s (1974b) influential 'nothing works' essay, which reported ...
Vocational rehabilitation has been in practice in the UK since the early 1900s. [32] However, initially it was simply seen as a measure taken after the individual had received the necessary medical treatment. [4] In 1946, the ‘Egham Industrial Rehabilitation Centre in Surry’ became open for public use, following the Second World War. [33]
Comprehensive rehabilitation is provided by specialists in this field, who act as facilitators, team leaders, and medical experts for rehabilitation. [ citation needed ] In rehabilitation, goal setting is often used by the clinical care team to provide the team and the person undergoing rehabilitation for an acquired disability a direction to ...
Psychiatric rehabilitation, also known as psychosocial rehabilitation, and sometimes simplified to psych rehab by providers, is the process of restoration of community functioning and well-being of an individual diagnosed in mental health or emotional disorder and who may be considered to have a psychiatric disability.
Rehabilitation (neuropsychology), therapy to regain or improve neurocognitive function that has been lost or diminished; Rehabilitation hospital, hospitals devoted to the rehabilitation of patients with various medical conditions; Drug rehabilitation, medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on substances such as alcohol and drugs
Cognitive rehabilitation therapy (offered by a trained therapist) is a subset of Cognitive Rehabilitation (community-based rehabilitation, often in traumatic brain injury; provided by rehabilitation professionals) and has been shown to be effective for individuals who had a stroke in the left or right hemisphere. [6] or brain trauma. [7]
In general medicine and psychiatry, recovery has long been used to refer to the end of a particular experience or episode of illness.The broader concept of "recovery" as a general philosophy and model was first popularized in regard to recovery from substance abuse/drug addiction, for example within twelve-step programs or the California Sober method.