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[2] [3] The unit of energy consumed is deemed to be 33.7 kilowatt-hours without regard to the efficiency of conversion of heat energy into electrical energy, also measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh). The equivalence of this unit to energy in a gallon of gasoline is true if and only if the heat engine, generating equipment, and power delivery to ...
To calculate the actual efficiency of an engine requires the energy density of the fuel being used. Different fuels have different energy densities defined by the fuel's heating value. The lower heating value (LHV) is used for internal-combustion-engine-efficiency calculations because the heat at temperatures below 150 °C (300 °F) cannot be ...
Example energy flows for a late-model (pre-2009) midsize passenger car: (a) urban driving; (b) highway driving. Source: U.S. Department of Energy [4] [5] Most of the fuel energy loss in cars occurs in the thermodynamic losses of the engine. Specifically, for driving at an average of 60 kilometres per hour (37 mph), approximately 33% of the ...
Low speed diesel engines like the MAN S80ME-C7 have achieved an overall energy conversion efficiency of 54.4%, which is the highest conversion of fuel into power by any single-cycle internal or external combustion engine. [9] [10] [11] Engines in large diesel trucks, buses, and newer diesel cars can achieve peak efficiencies around 45%. [12]
Fuel consumption monitor from a 2006 Honda Airwave.The displayed fuel economy is 18.1 km/L (5.5 L/100 km; 43 mpg ‑US). A Briggs and Stratton Flyer from 1916. Originally an experiment in creating a fuel-saving automobile in the United States, the vehicle weighed only 135 lb (61.2 kg) and was an adaptation of a small gasoline engine originally designed to power a bicycle.
Nonetheless, fuel consumption is linked with a means of propulsion which uses liquid fuels, whilst energy efficiency is applicable to any sort of propulsion. To avoid said confusion, and to be able to compare the energy efficiency in any type of vehicle, experts tend to measure the energy in the International System of Units, i.e., joules.
A consumption map or efficiency map [1] is a chart that displays the brake-specific fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine at a given rotational speed and mean effective pressure, in grams per kilowatt-hour (g/kWh). The map contains each possible condition combining rotational speed and mean effective pressure.
English: US DOE car efficiency by loss. FIGURE 3-1 Example energy flows for a late-model midsize passenger car: (a) urban driving; (b) highway driving. [SOURCE: U.S. Department of Energy