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In poetry, a stanza (/ ˈ s t æ n z ə /; from Italian stanza, Italian:; lit. ' room ') is a group of lines within a poem, usually set off from others by a blank line or indentation. [1] Stanzas can have regular rhyme and metrical schemes, but they are not required to have either. There are many different forms of stanzas.
ABAB – Four-line stanza, first and third lines rhyme at the end, second and fourth lines rhyme at the end. AB AB – Two two-line stanzas, with the first lines rhyming at the end and the second lines rhyming at the end. AB,AB – Single two-line stanza, with the two lines having both a single internal rhyme and a conventional rhyme at the end.
A line break is the termination of the line of a poem and the beginning of a new line. The process of arranging words using lines and line breaks is known as lineation, and is one of the defining features of poetry. [2] A distinct numbered group of lines in verse is normally called a stanza. A title, in certain poems, is considered a line.
In poetry, internal rhyme, or middle rhyme, is rhyme that occurs within a single line of verse, or between internal phrases across multiple lines. [1] [2] By contrast, rhyme between line endings is known as end rhyme. Internal rhyme schemes can be denoted with spaces or commas between lines. For example, "ac,ac,ac" denotes a three-line poem ...
The oldest children's songs for which records exist are lullabies, intended to help a child fall asleep. Lullabies can be found in every human culture. [4] The English term lullaby is thought to come from "lu, lu" or "la la" sounds made by mothers or nurses to calm children, and "by by" or "bye bye", either another lulling sound or a term for a good night. [5]
Use of the 10 syllable line in French poetry was eclipsed by the 12 syllable alexandrine line, particularly after the 16th century. Paul Valéry 's great poem "The Graveyard by the Sea" (Le Cimetière marin) is, however, written in decasyllables.
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Iambic pentameter is the most common meter in English poetry. It was first introduced into English by Chaucer in the 14th century on the basis of French and Italian models. It is used in several major English poetic forms, including blank verse, the heroic couplet, and some of the traditionally rhymed stanza forms.