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Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. Potassium chloride can be obtained from ancient dried lake deposits. [7]
This process requires the most energy. A photon interacts with a halide ion, ionizing it twice, leaving it positively charged. The ion remaining is very unstable and will quickly move to another position, leaving a vacancy which can trap an electron to become an F center. To free two electrons, about 18 eV is required (in the case of KCl or NaCl).
The standard Gibbs free energy of formation (G f °) of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature, usually 298.15 K or 25 °C).
is the number of different particle types in solution, N i {\displaystyle N_{i}} is the number of particles of species i , ξ i {\displaystyle \xi _{i}} is the particle specific Gibbs free entropy of species i ,
Interactions in the Standard Model. All Feynman diagrams in the model are built from combinations of these vertices. q is any quark, g is a gluon, X is any charged particle, γ is a photon, f is any fermion, m is any particle with mass (with the possible exception of the neutrinos), m B is any boson with mass. In diagrams with multiple particle ...
Potassium chlorate can be produced in small amounts by disproportionation in a sodium hypochlorite solution followed by metathesis reaction with potassium chloride: [7] 3 NaOCl → 2 NaCl + NaClO 3 KCl + NaClO 3 → NaCl + KClO 3. It can also be produced by passing chlorine gas into a hot solution of caustic potash: [8] 3 Cl 2 + 6 KOH → KClO ...
K occurs in natural potassium in sufficient quantity that large bags of potassium chloride commercial salt substitutes can be used as a radioactive source for classroom demonstrations. [citation needed] 40 K is the largest source of natural radioactivity in healthy animals and humans, greater even than 14 C.
KCl has a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice. However, the K + and the Cl − ion have the same number of electrons and are quite close in size, so that the diffraction pattern becomes essentially the same as for a simple cubic structure with half the lattice parameter.