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The treatment may mirror that of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression or may be to change to an alternate drug or to temporarily suspend treatment. Because the bone marrow is the manufacturing center of blood cells, the suppression of bone marrow activity causes a deficiency of blood cells.
Trilaciclib, sold under the brand name Cosela, is a medication used to reduce the frequency of chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. [1] [2] [3] [4]The most common side effects include fatigue; low levels of calcium, potassium and phosphate; increased levels of an enzyme called aspartate aminotransferase; headache; and infection in the lungs (pneumonia).
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous group of immune cells from the myeloid lineage (a family of cells that originate from bone marrow stem cells). MDSCs expand under pathologic conditions such as chronic infection and cancer, as a result of altered haematopoiesis. [1]
Common side effects include bone-marrow suppression and vomiting. [5] Bone-marrow suppression is especially common in people with a genetic deficiency of the enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase. [5] Other serious risk factors include an increased risk of certain cancers. [5] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the baby. [5]
Adverse drug reactions from cyclophosphamide are related to the cumulative medication dose and include chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, [18] bone marrow suppression, [19] stomach ache, hemorrhagic cystitis, diarrhea, darkening of the skin/nails, alopecia (hair loss) or thinning of hair, changes in color and texture of the hair ...
Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes. [5] anemia: hemoglobin < 13.5 g/dL (male) or < 12 g/dL (female). leukopenia: total white cell count < 4.0 x 10 9 /L. Decrease in all types of white blood cells (revealed by doing a differential count). thrombocytopenia: platelet count < 150×10 9 /L.
Common side effects include hair loss, bone marrow suppression, vomiting, rash, and inflammation of the mouth. [10] Other serious side effects may include allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, heart damage, tissue damage at the site of injection, radiation recall, and treatment-related leukemia. [10]
Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is an infusion of horse or rabbit-derived antibodies against human T cells and their precursors , which is used in the prevention and treatment of acute rejection in organ transplantation and therapy of aplastic anemia due to bone marrow insufficiency.