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Roman Epicurus bust. Epicureanism is a system of philosophy founded 307 BCE based upon the teachings of Epicurus, an ancient Greek philosopher.Epicurus was an atomist and materialist, following in the steps of Democritus.
Epicurus (/ ˌ ɛ p ɪ ˈ k j ʊər ə s /, EH-pih-KURE-əs; [2] Ancient Greek: Ἐπίκουρος Epikouros; 341–270 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and sage who founded Epicureanism, a highly influential school of philosophy.
Epicurus identified eudaimonia with the life of pleasure. Epicurus' ethical theory is hedonistic. His views were very influential for the founders and best proponents of utilitarianism, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. Hedonism is the view that pleasure is the only intrinsic good and that pain is the only intrinsic bad.
[47] [48] Hence, Epicurus advocated living in such a way as to derive the greatest amount of pleasure possible during one's lifetime, yet doing so moderately in order to avoid the suffering incurred by overindulgence in such pleasure. [47] Epicurus actively recommended against passionate love, and believed it best to avoid marriage altogether.
The Stoics held a negative view of hēdonē, arguing that it is not in accordance with nature and reason. [6] This can be understood within the philosophy's position that emotions are by definition excessive or are excessive impulses that exceed the measure of natural reason and – as in other forms of excess – leads to other evils of ...
Since most of Epicurus' 37 books "On Nature" are lost to us, [2] the Principal Doctrines are, together with Epicurus' Letters to Herodotus, Menoeceus, and Pythocles, the most authoritative writings in Epicureanism. The Principal Doctrines exemplify the Epicurean philosophers' practice of publishing summaries and outlines of their teachings for ...
Getty(2) Gisèle Pélicot; Caroline Darian, the daughter of Gisèle Pélicot and her convicted rapist and husband, Dominique Pélicot
He believed that Epicureans didn't correctly follow Epicurus's original philosophy and used it to indulge in unbridled hedonism. John argued that this form of Epicureanism would not allow its followers to achieve true happiness. John of Salisbury also criticized Epicureans who did not identify themselves as such.