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HMX, also called octogen, is a powerful and relatively insensitive nitroamine high explosive chemically related to RDX. The compound's name is the subject of much speculation, having been variously listed as High Melting Explosive , High-velocity Military Explosive , or High-Molecular-weight RDX .
In the 1980s, CL-20 was developed by the China Lake facility, primarily to be used in propellants. [1]While most development of CL-20 has been fielded by the Thiokol Corporation, the US Navy (through ONR) has also been interested in CL-20 for use in rocket propellants, such as for missiles, as it has lower observability characteristics such as less visible smoke.
After 1973, production was again reduced to a much smaller amount, but the plant also began producing "special-order" explosives and propellants for the Armed Services, including the Navy's Trident missile program. It also handles and stores material for the national defense stockpile. [1]
Both acetic acid and nitric acid are used to make HMX and RDX. According to Reuters calculations, based on scientific literature and reviewed by an explosives expert, 5,000 tons of nitric acid ...
Rocket propellant is used as reaction mass ejected from a rocket engine to ... (examples: RDX, HMX, aluminium, beryllium). Plasticizers, stabilizers, and/or burn rate ...
One of the most active areas of solid propellant research is the development of high-energy, minimum-signature propellant using C 6 H 6 N 6 (NO 2) 6 CL-20 nitroamine (China Lake compound #20), which has 14% higher energy per mass and 20% higher energy density than HMX. The new propellant has been successfully developed and tested in tactical ...
Two formulations are commonly used: 70% HMX & 30% TNT; 75% HMX & 25% TNT; Given that HMX has a much higher detonation velocity than TNT (over 2,000 metres per second faster) and forms the main part of this explosive blend, the brisance characteristics of Octol can be inferred.
Polymer-bonded explosives have several potential advantages: If the polymer matrix is an elastomer (rubbery material), it tends to absorb shocks, making the PBX very insensitive to accidental detonation, and thus ideal for insensitive munitions.