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A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system—the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, nails, and related muscle and glands. [1] The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment. [2]
In short, melasma is a chronic skin condition that appears as darkened areas on the face due to an overproduction of melanin, says Gina Charles, MO, a family physician specializing in skincare. It ...
The primary cause of skin cancer is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning devices. Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in humans. [11] [12] [13] There are three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) and melanoma. [1]
The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3] Within the latter type, the hairs occur in structures called pilosebaceous units , each with hair follicle , sebaceous gland , and associated arrector pili muscle. [ 4 ]
Micrograph of keratinocytes, basal cells and melanocytes in the epidermis Keratinocytes (stained green) in the skin of a mouse. Keratinocytes are the primary type of cell found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. In humans, they constitute 90% of epidermal skin cells. [1]
This shows that the skin immune system is a highly dynamic environment that can be rapidly and specifically remodeled by certain commensals. [18] Finally, studying microbiota interactions and skin T cells can help to detect the cause of various diseases and possible cures for these.
Discoid lupus erythematosus is the most common type of chronic cutaneous lupus (CCLE), an autoimmune skin condition on the lupus erythematosus spectrum of illnesses. [1] [2] It presents with red, painful, inflamed and coin-shaped patches of skin with a scaly and crusty appearance, most often on the scalp, cheeks, and ears.
Atopic dermatitis (or eczema) is the most common inflammatory skin disease. Skin may slough in a peeling fashion. Contact dermatitis arises from contact with a skin irritant. The ensuing irritation can cause sores and skin sloughing. and Seborrheic dermatitis which is associated with skin shedding through dandruff.