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The constituency is made up of the two northernmost island groups of Scotland, Orkney and Shetland. A constituency of this name has existed continuously since 1708. However, before 1918 the town of Kirkwall (the capital of Orkney) formed part of the Northern Burghs constituency. It is the most northerly of the 650 UK Parliament constituencies.
Before the Acts of Union 1707, the barons of the stewartry of Orkney and lordship of Shetland (formerly spelled Zetland) elected commissioners to represent them in the unicameral Parliament of Scotland and in the Convention of Estates. They were re-annexed to the Crown in 1669.
The Orkney constituency was created at the same time as the Scottish Parliament, in 1999, to cover the Orkney Islands council area.The constituency is protected in law due to its geographical separation from other parts of Scotland, and therefore its boundaries are not subject to review.
The Scottish Parliament (), created by the Scotland Act 1998, has used a system of constituencies and electoral regions since the first general election in 1999.. The parliament has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the plurality (first-past-the-post) system of voting, and eight additional member regions, each electing seven additional MSPs.
The Orkney and Shetland constituencies were taken into account, however, in review of boundaries of the additional member regions. Final recommendations followed public consultations and a series of local inquiries, and the terms of the 2004 act required final recommendations to be submitted in a report to the Secretary of State for Scotland ...
The Orkney and Shetland Movement, a coalition of independence movements in Orkney and Shetland, contested the Orkney and Shetland constituency in the 1987 general election. It saw as its models the Isle of Man and the Faroe Islands, an autonomous dependency of Denmark. [28]
Orkney and Shetland may refer to: The Scottish island groups of Orkney and Shetland, collectively known as the Northern Isles; Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency) The Orkney and Shetland Movement, a former electoral coalition
The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies, as existing at that time. [2] They covered all of four council areas, [3] the Highland council area, Na h-Eileanan Siar (Western Isles council area), the Orkney Isles council area and the Shetland Isles council area, and most of two others, the Argyll and Bute council area and the Moray council ...