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In chemistry, a superoxide is a compound that contains the superoxide ion, which has the chemical formula O − 2. [1] The systematic name of the anion is dioxide(1−).The reactive oxygen ion superoxide is particularly important as the product of the one-electron reduction of dioxygen O 2, which occurs widely in nature. [2]
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Superoxides are a class of compounds that are very similar to peroxides, but with just one unpaired electron for each pair of oxygen atoms (O − 2). [6] These compounds form by oxidation of alkali metals with larger ionic radii (K, Rb, Cs). For example, potassium superoxide (KO 2) is an orange-yellow solid formed when potassium reacts with oxygen.
Potassium superoxide (KO 2) is a yellow solid that decomposes at 560 °C. It is used as a CO 2 scrubber, H 2 O dehumidifier, and O 2 generator in rebreathers, spacecraft, submarines, and spacesuit life support systems. Rubidium superoxide (RbO 2) is produced when rubidium burns in air. Caesium superoxide (CsO 2) is produced when caesium burns ...
superoxide (O − 2) is produced by reduction of O 2. [4] Several grams are produced per day in the human body within the mitochondria. [5] O 2 + e − → O − 2. Competing with its formation, superoxide is destroyed by the action of superoxide dismutases, enzymes that catalyze its disproportionation: 2 O − 2 + 2H + → O 2 + H 2 O 2
Together with its conjugate base superoxide, hydroperoxyl is an important reactive oxygen species.Unlike • O − 2, which has reducing properties, HO • 2 can act as an oxidant in a number of biologically important reactions, such as the abstraction of hydrogen atoms from tocopherol and polyunstaturated fatty acids in the lipid bilayer.
Chemical substances that can catalyze the formation of superoxide Pages in category "Superoxide generating substances" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total.
Potassium superoxide is an inorganic compound with the formula K O 2. [6] It is a yellow paramagnetic solid that decomposes in moist air. It is a rare example of a stable salt of the superoxide anion. It is used as a CO 2 scrubber, H 2 O dehumidifier, and O 2 generator in rebreathers, spacecraft, submarines, and spacesuits.