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Tree remains that have undergone petrifaction, as seen in Petrified Forest National Park. In geology, petrification (from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra) 'rock, stone') is the process by which organic material becomes a fossil through the replacement of the original material and the filling of the original pore spaces with minerals.
The remains of insects can be detected in an enlarged image. Petrified log at the Petrified Forest National Park. Petrified wood (from Ancient Greek πέτρα meaning 'rock' or 'stone'; literally 'wood turned into stone'), is the name given to a special type of fossilized wood, the fossilized remains of terrestrial vegetation.
Index fossils (also known as guide fossils, indicator fossils, or dating fossils) are the fossilized remains or traces of particular plants or animals that are characteristic of a particular span of geologic time or environment, and can be used to identify and date the containing rocks. To be practical, index fossils must have a limited ...
Sometimes, fossils contain only carbon. Fossils usually form when sediment buries a dead organism. As sediment piles up, the organism's remains are subjected to pressure and heat. These conditions force gases and liquids from the body. A thin film of carbon residue is left, forming a silhouette of the original organism called a carbon film. [1]
Image Location of discovery Date of discovery Age of remains in radiocarbon years BP Comments Adams mammoth: Mouth of the Lena River, Siberia [1] 1799 [1] [2] 35,800 [1] [3] It is the first complete mammoth skeleton ever to be reconstructed. Originally, it was an entire mummified mammoth carcass. [2] Beresovka Mammoth Berezovka River, Siberia ...
Halecostome remains are geographically present in the western part of Colorado, where remains have been recovered from "a level above the Mygatt-Moore Quarry." [9] Largely complete remains of small individuals have been consistently recovered for over 15 years. [9] Amiid remains found in stratigraphic zones 2, 3, and 4. [10]
This animal was a filter feeder, using its lophophore to extract organic matter from passing seawater. The soft bodied fossils of this genus were important in establishing hyoliths as possible members of the lophophorata alongside brachiopods and bryozoans. Fuxianospira: A filamentous fossil considered either to represent an alga or a coprolite ...
If not deliberately altered, animal remains can be classified as an ecofact, and can often reveal the dietary habits of a past group of people. After people would have eaten the edible parts of an animal, inedible parts were disposed of into pits and flat layers of garbage known as sheet middens. [6]