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  2. On- and off-hook - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On-_and_Off-hook

    On an ordinary two-wire telephone line, off-hook status is communicated to the telephone exchange by a resistance short across the pair. When an off-hook condition persists without dialing, for example because the handset has fallen off or the cable has been flooded, it is treated as a permanent loop or permanent signal .

  3. Off-hook tone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-hook_tone

    The off-hook tone in exchanges of the North American Numbering Plan consists of a superposition of tones with the frequencies 1400 Hz, 2060 Hz, 2450 Hz, and 2600 Hz, played at a cadence of 100 ms on and 100 ms off. [1]

  4. Telephone exchange - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_exchange

    A telephone exchange automatically senses an off-hook condition of the telephone when the user removes the handset from the switchhook or cradle. The exchange provides dial tone at that time to indicate to the user that the exchange is ready to receive dialed digits.

  5. Dial tone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial_tone

    A dial tone (dialling tone in the UK) is a telephony signal sent by a telephone exchange or private branch exchange (PBX) to a terminating device, such as a telephone, when an off-hook condition is detected. It indicates that the exchange is working and is ready to initiate a telephone call. The tone stops when the first dialed digit is recognized.

  6. Portal:Telephones/Selected audio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Telephones/Selected...

    A dial tone (dialling tone in the UK) is a telephony signal sent by a telephone exchange or private branch exchange (PBX) to a terminating device, such as a telephone, when an off-hook condition is detected. It indicates that the exchange is working and is ready to initiate a telephone call. The tone stops when the first dialed digit is recognized.

  7. Permanent signal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_signal

    Permanent signal (PS) in American telephony terminology, or permanent loop in British usage, is a condition in which a POTS line is off-hook without connection for an extended period of time. [1] This is indicated in modern switches by the silent termination after the off-hook tone times out and the telephone exchange computer puts the ...

  8. Line signaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_signaling

    Line signaling is responsible for off-hook, ringing signal, answer, ground start, on-hook unidirectional supervision messaging in each direction from calling party to called party and vice versa. After an off-hook, line signaling initiates register signaling to accomplish the exchange of telephone numbers of called party and in more modern line ...

  9. Multi-frequency signaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-frequency_signaling

    The frequency combinations are played, one at a time for each digit, to the remote multi-frequency receiver in a distant telephone exchange. MF is used for signaling in trunking applications. Using MF signaling, the originating telephone switch sends a start signal to seize the line, taking the circuit off-hook.