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The stylomastoid foramen is a foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone of the skull. It is the termination of the facial canal, and transmits the facial nerve, and stylomastoid artery. Facial nerve inflammation in the stylomastoid foramen may cause Bell's palsy.
The facial canal gives passage to the facial nerve (CN VII) (hence the name). [1] [verification needed] [better source needed] Its proximal opening is at the internal auditory meatus; its distal opening is the stylomastoid foramen.
The mastoid portion is at first flat, with the stylomastoid foramen and rudimentary styloid immediately behind the tympanic ring. With air cell development, the outer part of the mastoid component grows anteroinferiorly to form the mastoid process, with the styloid and stylomastoid foramen now on the under surface.
The cochlear and vestibular branches of cranial nerve VIII separate according to this schema and terminate in the inner ear. The facial nerve continues traveling through the facial canal, eventually exiting the skull at the stylomastoid foramen. A common mnemonic to remember the anterior quadrants of the inner ear is: "seven up, coke down ...
Apical foramen, the opening at the tip of the root of a tooth; Foramen ovale (heart), an opening between the venous and arterial sides of the fetal heart; Foramen transversarium, one of a pair of openings in each cervical vertebra, in which the vertebral artery travels; Greater sciatic foramen, a major foramen of the pelvis
The stylomastoid artery enters the stylomastoid foramen and supplies the tympanic cavity, the tympanic antrum and mastoid cells, and the semicircular canals.It is a branch of the posterior auricular artery, and thus part of the external carotid arterial system.
The temporal styloid process is a slender bony process of the temporal bone extending downward and forward from the undersurface of the temporal bone [1] just below the ear. [citation needed] The styloid process gives attachments to several muscles, and ligaments.
The posterior auricular nerve arises from the facial nerve (CN VII). [1] It is the first branch outside of the skull. [2] This origin is close to the stylomastoid foramen.It runs upward in front of the mastoid process.