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Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy is a medical condition combining clubbing and periostitis of the small hand joints, especially the distal interphalangeal joints and the metacarpophalangeal joints. Distal expansion of the long bones as well as painful, swollen joints [3] and synovial villous proliferation are often seen.
The only movements permitted in the joints of the digits are flexion and extension; these movements are more extensive between the first and second phalanges than between the second and third. The flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus flex the interphalangeal joint of the big toe and lateral four toes, respectively. The tendons of ...
Heberden's nodes are hard or bony swellings that can develop in the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP) (the joints closest to the end of the fingers and toes). [1] They are a sign of osteoarthritis and are caused by formation of osteophytes (calcific spurs) of the articular (joint) cartilage in response to repeated trauma at the joint.
Age. The risk of most causes of joint pain increases with age. This may be due to increased wear and stress on joints over time and a higher likelihood of other underlying medical conditions ...
Involvement of the distal interphalangeal joints is a characteristic feature present in many cases. [6] Sausage-like swelling in the fingers or toes, known as dactylitis, occurs in about 40% of PsA cases. [5] [7] PsA may cause shoulder pain, most commonly felt in the front of the shoulder or the upper part of the arm.
RS3PE typically involves the joints of the extremities, specifically the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints, wrists, shoulders, elbows, knees and ankles. [4] It is more common in older adults, with the mean age between 70 and 80 years in most studies. [4] [5] It occurs more often in men than in women with a 2:1 ratio.
Other symptoms may include joint swelling, decreased range of motion, and, when the back is affected, weakness or numbness of the arms and legs. [1] The most commonly involved joints are the two near the ends of the fingers and the joint at the base of the thumbs, the knee and hip joints, and the joints of the neck and lower back. [1]
The most commonly involved joints were knees, metacarpophalangeals and proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands or feet. [4] Constitutionally, there may or may not be a fever and swelling of the joints. The soft tissues are involved with swelling of the periarticular tissues, especially heel pads and finger pads.