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It may be inherited, or caused by genetic mosaicism, chimerism, disease, or injury. [2] It occurs in humans and certain breeds of domesticated animals. Heterochromia of the eye is called heterochromia iridum or heterochromia iridis. It can be complete, sectoral, or central. In complete heterochromia, one iris is a different color from the other.
Another hypothesis about heterochromia is that it can result from a viral infection in utero affecting the development of one eye, possibly through some sort of genetic mutation. Occasionally, heterochromia can be a sign of a serious medical condition. A common cause in females with heterochromia is X-inactivation, which can result in a number ...
In X-linked recessive disorders, only females can be the carriers of the recessive mutation, making them obligate carriers of this type of disease. Females acquire one X-chromosome from their father and one from their mother, and this means they can either be heterozygous for the mutated allele or homozygous. If heterozygous, she is a carrier ...
A rare predominantly black cat with odd eyes. The odd-eyed colouring is caused when either the epistatic (recessive) white gene or dominant white (which masks any other colour genes and turns a cat completely solid white) [3] or the white spotting gene (which is the gene responsible for bicolour coats) [4] prevents melanin granules from reaching one eye during development, resulting in a cat ...
A human chimera is a human with a subset of cells with a distinct genotype than other cells, that is, having genetic chimerism.In contrast, an individual where each cell contains genetic material from a human and an animal is called a human–animal hybrid, while an organism that contains a mixture of human and non-human cells would be a human-animal chimera.
The mother is a carrier of the recessive hereditary disposition for Color blindness. The Y chromosome of the father cannot oppose this. The healthy allele on the X chromosome of the father can compensate for this in a daughter. She can see normally, but she becomes a conductor. The same pattern of inheritance applies to Haemophilia.
Genetic mosaics are a particularly powerful tool when used in the commonly studied fruit fly, where specially selected strains frequently lose an X [17] or a Y [18] chromosome in one of the first embryonic cell divisions. These mosaics can then be used to analyze such things as courtship behavior, [17] and female sexual attraction. [26]
This is a list of notable people who have been documented as having heterochromia iridis, a condition when the irises have different colours. People who are frequently mistakenly thought to have heterochromia are not included, but may be listed in the Notes section.