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Race to the Top - Early Learning Challenge, jointly conducted by the Department of Education and the United States Department of Health and Human Services, applications were due October 20. On April 9, 2012, the Department of Education announced there would be a second round of the Race to the Top - Early Learning Challenge.
The same categories of organizations are eligible to apply for Early Head Start, except that applicants need not be from the community they will be serving. [5] Many states have created new early childhood education agencies. Massachusetts was the first state to create a consolidated department focused on early childhood learning and care.
In the early years, some 700,000 children enrolled at a per-capita cost of $2,000 to $3,000 (2011 dollars). Under the full-time program, enrollment dropped to under 400,000 by the early 1970s. Enrollment reached close to 1 million children by 2011. The program has experienced underfunding and under-enrollment in recent years. [10]
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The theory behind the act is that the years before a child reaches kindergarten are the most critical to influence learning. Many children do not have access to early education before entering kindergarten. [2] The goal of the act is to provide a comprehensive set of services for children from birth until they enter kindergarten. [1]
However, poverty, stunting and lack of intellectual stimulus in low- and middle-income countries damage early development of almost half of all children aged 3 to 4, which will affect them through their lives. One of the main reasons is lack of access to early childhood education programs, particularly for poor, rural families. [2]
In 2015, South Dakota passed laws that created a new state aid formula for teachers compensation, special education and overhead support. To fund it, Governor Dennis Daugaard and the legislature raised sales taxes by a half a cent. Since then teacher compensation has slowly risen to a state average of slightly over $49,000 a year in salary.