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Hydrogen peroxide works best as a propellant in extremely high concentrations (roughly over 70%). Although any concentration of peroxide will generate some hot gas (oxygen plus some steam), at concentrations above approximately 67%, the heat of decomposing hydrogen peroxide becomes large enough to completely vaporize all the liquid at standard pressure.
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 O 2.In its pure form, it is a very pale blue [5] liquid that is slightly more viscous than water.It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic, usually as a dilute solution (3%–6% by weight) in water for consumer use and in higher concentrations for industrial use.
High-test peroxide is an 80+% strength hydrogen peroxide solution, with most of the rest made up of water. This strength is able to completely vapourize the remaining water when correctly catalysed, and thus it is good for propulsion and rocketry.
Benzoyl peroxide and hydrogen peroxide are used as bleaching and "maturing" agents for treating flour to make its grain release gluten more easily; the alternative is letting the flour slowly oxidize by air, which is too slow for the industrialized era. Benzoyl peroxide is an effective topical medication for treating most forms of acne.
As pure hydrogen does not contain carbon, there are no carbon-based pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO) or hydrocarbons (HC), nor is there any carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the exhaust. As hydrogen combustion occurs in an atmosphere containing nitrogen and oxygen, however, it can produce oxides of nitrogen known as NO x. In this way, the ...
Nitrous oxide offers the advantages of being self-pressurizing and of being relatively non-toxic, with a specific impulse intermediate between hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine. [17] Nitrous oxide generates oxygen upon decomposition, and it is possible to blend it with fuels to form a monopropellant mixture with a specific impulse up to 325 s ...
Cocoa was the top-performing commodity of 2024. The price of the bean surged as headwinds battered key producers. Prices are likely to stay high into 2025, analysts at ING said.
The main finding of Haber and Weiss was that hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) is decomposed by a chain reaction. [2] The Haber–Weiss reaction chain proceeds by successive steps: (i) initiation, (ii) propagation and (iii) termination. The chain is initiated by the Fenton reaction: Fe 2+ + H 2 O 2 → Fe 3+ + HO – + HO • (step 1: initiation)