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Measured in square feet, the reference standard for EDR is the mattress radiator [1] invented by Stephen J. Gold in the mid 19th century. One square foot of EDR is able to liberate 240 BTU per hour when surrounded by 70 °F (21 °C) air and filled with steam of approximately 215 °F (102 °C) temperature and 1 psi of pressure.
High-temperature radiators are preferred for better efficiency and size reduction considerations, however, fluid property and droplet cloud property are additional factors. Droplet size formation and droplet density govern emission and reabsorption. A smaller droplet is essential for obtaining effective radiation in the liquid droplet radiator.
It is sometimes necessary for a car to be equipped with a second, or auxiliary, radiator to increase the cooling capacity, when the size of the original radiator cannot be increased. The second radiator is plumbed in series with the main radiator in the circuit. This was the case when the Audi 100 was first turbocharged creating the 200.
A thermostatic radiator valve on position 2 (15–17 °C) Installed thermostatic radiator valve with the adjustment wheel removed A thermostatic radiator valve (TRV) is a self-regulating valve fitted to hot water heating system radiator, to control the temperature of a room by changing the flow of hot water to the radiator.
The equation relating thermal energy to thermal mass is: = where Q is the thermal energy transferred, C th is the thermal mass of the body, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
The number of transfer units (NTU) method is used to calculate the rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers (especially parallel flow, counter current, and cross-flow exchangers) when there is insufficient information to calculate the log mean temperature difference (LMTD). Alternatively, this method is useful for determining the expected heat ...
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The Roman hypocaust is an early example of a type of radiator for building space heating. Franz San Galli, a Prussian-born Russian businessman living in St. Petersburg, is credited with inventing the heating radiator around 1855, [1] [2] having received a radiator patent in 1857, [3] but American Joseph Nason and Scot Rory Gregor developed a primitive radiator in 1841 [4] and received a number ...