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Symptoms including blurring or loss of vision, headache, and (rarely) stroke or coma are due to the effects of the IgM paraprotein, which may cause autoimmune phenomena or cryoglobulinemia. Other symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia are due to hyperviscosity syndrome, which is present in 6–20% of patients.
Bing–Neel syndrome (BNS) is an extremely rare neurologic complication of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), which is a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder. [1] There's no clear definition of BNS but what is known so far is that unlike WM, It involves the central nervous system (CNS), infiltrated by differentiated malignant B cells and by having hyperglobulinemia. [2]
Waldenström first described, in 1944, patients with a disease that has subsequently been named for him, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, a "hyperviscosity syndrome" in which symptoms are caused by abnormal lymphocytes that prevent normal bone marrow function, which causes anemia and hepatosplenomegaly, and secrete large immunoglobulins ...
Treatment is highly individualized and depends on a range of factors, including the subtype of the disease, its stage, the patient's age, and other medical conditions. [ 17 ] Patients with early-stage indolent lymphoma may be cured with radiation therapy , but most patients have widespread disease at the time of diagnosis.
Detection of Bence Jones protein may be suggestive of multiple myeloma, [2] or Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. [ citation needed ] Bence Jones proteins are particularly diagnostic of multiple myeloma in the context of target organ manifestations such as kidney failure , lytic (or "punched out") bone lesions, anemia , or large numbers of ...
Macroglobulinemia is the presence of increased levels of macroglobulins in the circulating blood.It is a plasma cell dyscrasia, resembling leukemia, with cells of lymphocytic, plasmacytic, or intermediate morphology, which secrete a monoclonal immunoglobulin M component.
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The condition was first described in 1909 by Danish ophthalmologist Christian Frederick Heerfordt, for whom the syndrome is now named. [6] It was originally attributed to mumps, but after further studies by Swedish doctor Jan G. Waldenström in 1937, it was classified as a distinct manifestation of sarcoidosis.
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