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The World Health Organization says that "there does not appear to be any convincing evidence that water hardness causes adverse health effects in humans". [2] In fact, the United States National Research Council has found that hard water serves as a dietary supplement for calcium and magnesium.
Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula CaSO 4 and related hydrates. In the form of γ- anhydrite (the anhydrous form), it is used as a desiccant . One particular hydrate is better known as plaster of Paris , and another occurs naturally as the mineral gypsum .
While humans have been able to adapt to higher levels of concentrations with time, some effects of ingestion of sulfur water has found to have cathartic effects on people consuming water with sulfate concentrations of 600 mg/litre according to a study from the US Department of health in 1962. Some adverse effects that have been found include ...
Coral calcium is composed of calcium carbonate and trace minerals. Claims for health benefits unique to coral calcium have been discredited. Coral calcium, marketed as a cure for various diseases and linked to Okinawan longevity, is merely calcium carbonate, and it supposed superiority to regular calcium carbonate has not been proven.
Dietary supplements can be formulated to contain several different chemical elements (as compounds), a combination of vitamins and/or other chemical compounds, or a single element (as a compound or mixture of compounds), such as calcium (calcium carbonate, calcium citrate) or magnesium (magnesium oxide), or iron (ferrous sulfate, iron bis ...
The US Institute of Medicine (IOM) established Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for calcium in 1997 and updated those values in 2011. [6] See table. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) uses the term Population Reference Intake (PRIs) instead of RDAs and sets slightly different numbers: ages 4–10 800 mg, ages 11–17 1150 mg, ages 18–24 1000 mg, and >25 years 950 mg. [10]
Effects generally take hours to days. [1] They are also used to remove potassium, calcium, and sodium from solutions in technical applications. Common side effects include loss of appetite, gastrointestinal upset, constipation, and low blood calcium. [1] These polymers are derived from polystyrene by the addition of sulfonate functional groups.
Interaction of anhydrite with hydrocarbons at high temperature in oil fields can reduce sulfate (SO 2– 4) into hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) with a concomitant precipitation of calcite. [9] The process is known as thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). Hand sample of gypsum and anhydrite from diapir caprock showing "chicken wire" texture.