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Uncertainty over feedbacks, particularly cloud cover, [86] is the major reason why different climate models project different magnitudes of warming for a given amount of emissions. [87] As air warms, it can hold more moisture .
Climate change can also be used more broadly to include changes to the climate that have happened throughout Earth's history. [32] Global warming—used as early as 1975 [33] —became the more popular term after NASA climate scientist James Hansen used it in his 1988 testimony in the U.S. Senate. [34] Since the 2000s, climate change has ...
Radiative forcing (or climate forcing [2]) is a concept used to quantify a change to the balance of energy flowing through a planetary atmosphere. Various factors contribute to this change in energy balance, such as concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols , and changes in surface albedo and solar irradiance .
In 2022, the state was experiencing its most serious drought in 1,200 years, worsened by climate change. [31] Climate change affects many factors associated with droughts. These include how much rain falls and how fast the rain evaporates again. Warming over land increases the severity and frequency of droughts around much of the world.
Climate sensitivity is the change in surface air temperature per unit change in radiative forcing, and the climate sensitivity parameter [note 3] is therefore expressed in units of °C/(W/m 2). Climate sensitivity is approximately the same whatever the reason for the radiative forcing (such as from greenhouse gases or solar variation ). [ 26 ]
The five components of the climate system all interact. They are the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere. [1]: 1451 Earth's climate system is a complex system with five interacting components: the atmosphere (air), the hydrosphere (water), the cryosphere (ice and permafrost), the lithosphere (earth's upper rocky layer) and the biosphere (living things).
Mbappé says change in mentality helped him to start playing better for Real Madrid. Weather. Weather. USA TODAY. Ice, snow, wicked cold: Winter storm in South may be unlike any 'in our lifetimes'
The effects of climate change on plant biodiversity can be predicted by using various models, for example bioclimatic models. [5] [6] Habitats may change due to climate change. This can cause non-native plants and pests to impact native vegetation diversity. [7]