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Jehovah's Witnesses base all of their beliefs on the Bible, as interpreted by the Governing Body. [53] However, Jehovah's Witnesses use the terms "Hebrew-Aramaic scriptures" and "Greek-Christian scriptures" as substitutes for "Old Testament" and "New Testament" respectively.
Raymond Franz (1922–2010), writer of Crisis of Conscience, former member of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses and critic of the institution. Jehovah's Witnesses have been criticized by adherents of mainstream Christianity, members of the medical community, former Jehovah's Witnesses, and commentators with regard to their beliefs and practices.
Jehovah's Witnesses is a nontrinitarian, millenarian, restorationist Christian denomination. [8] The group grew out of the Bible Student movement founded by Charles Taze Russell in the nineteenth century. [3] In 2024, Jehovah's Witnesses reported a peak membership of approximately 9 million worldwide.
Jehovah's Witnesses being baptized. Jehovah's Witnesses believe salvation is a gift from God attained by being part of "God's organization" and putting faith in Jesus' ransom sacrifice. They do not believe in predestination or eternal security. They believe in different forms of resurrection for two groups of Christians: that the 144,000 ...
In 1990, 68 Jehovah’s Witness elementary students were expelled for refusing to participate in daily flag-raising ceremonies. In Ebralinag, et al. vs. Division Superintendent of Schools of Cebu, the court ruled that Jehovah's Witnesses are permitted to refrain from saluting the Philippine flag and singing the national anthem.
In 2016, Jehovah's Witnesses had the lowest average household income among surveyed religious groups, with approximately half of Witness households in the United States earning less than $30,000 a year. [5] As of 2016, Jehovah's Witnesses are the most racially diverse Christian denomination in the United States. [6]
The eschatology of Jehovah's Witnesses is central to their religious beliefs. They believe that Jesus Christ has been ruling in heaven as king since 1914, a date they believe was prophesied in Scripture, and that after that time a period of cleansing occurred, resulting in God's selection of the Bible Students associated with Charles Taze Russell to be his people in 1919.
The Watchtower is overseen by the Writing Committee of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses. [9] [10] The Watchtower is the official means of sharing Jehovah's Witness beliefs, [11] and includes articles relating to biblical prophecies, Christian conduct and morals, and the history of religion and the Bible.