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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 January 2025. Female entity in Near Eastern mythology This article is about the religious figure Lilith. For other uses, see Lilith (disambiguation). Lilith (1887) by John Collier Lilith, also spelled Lilit, Lilitu, or Lilis, is a feminine figure in Mesopotamian and Jewish mythology, theorized to be ...
The Lilith that most are familiar with is the wife of Adam in the Alphabet of Ben Sira (8th to 10th centuries CE), known as Adam haRishon, "the first man", among kabbalists. There are mixed views of Lilith in the Zohar. In one account she is Samael's counterpart and a mother of demons.
Lilith is a feminine given name sometimes given in reference to Lilith, a character in Jewish folklore who was said to be the first wife of the first man Adam who disobeyed him, was banished from the Garden of Eden, and who became a mythical she-demon. [2] The mythological tale has inspired modern feminists. [3] [4] [5]
Although both Samael and Lilith are major demons in earlier Jewish traditions, they do not appear paired until the second half of the thirteenth century, when they are introduced together. [19] Lilith is a demon created alongside Adam, originally created for the role Eve would fill, who then becomes Samael's
Judit M. Blair wrote a thesis on the relation of the Akkadian word lilu, or its cognates, to the Hebrew word lilith in Isaiah 34:14, which is thought to be a night bird. [14] The Babylonian concept of lilu may be more strongly related to the later Talmudic concept of Lilith (female) and lilin (female).
The Hebrew letters spell out Leviathan (לויתן), the ancient serpent from the biblical Chaoskampf, while the 1897 symbol is further augmented by the text "Samael" and "Lilith". With the pentagram inverted, matter is ruling over spirit, a condition associated with evil.
In Zoharistic Kabbalah, she is a queen of the demons and an angel of sacred prostitution, who mates with archangel Samael along with Lilith and Naamah, [1] sometimes adding Eisheth as a fourth mate. [2] [3] According to legend, Agrat and Lilith visited King Solomon disguised as prostitutes.
In Jewish mythology, Lilin is a term for night spirits. [1] [2] ... Lilith, Jewish female demon; Lilu (mythology), Akkadian and Sumerian demons; Nocnitsa; Notes