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[43] These health disparities in rural areas are major problems. Over the pandemic, however, efforts were present to make healthcare more universal. In doing so, more awareness was given to rural populations. There are still things that need to be done, though, underlying health disparities in region are still prominent. [44]
Health is measured through variables such as life expectancy and incidence of diseases. [15] For racial and ethnic minorities in the United States, health disparities take on many forms, including higher rates of chronic disease, premature death, and maternal mortality compared to the rates among whites.
Some scholars have argued for a genetic understanding of racial health disparities in the United States, suggesting that certain genes predispose individuals to specific diseases. [213] However, the U.S. Census Bureau's recognition of race as a social and not biological category necessitates a social understanding of the causes of health ...
Unnatural Causes: Is Inequality Making Us Sick? is a four-hour documentary series, broadcast nationally in the United States on PBS in spring 2008, [1] that examines the role of social determinants of health in creating health inequalities/health disparities (which the film considers health inequities) in the US.
A new advisory from U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy highlights major health disparities in tobacco use based on factors such as race, ethnicity, and income.
However, biological differences do not fully account for the large gender gap in the health outcomes of men and women. Social factors play a large role in gender disparities in health. [7] One of the main factors that contributes to the decreased life expectancy of males is their propensity to engage in risk-taking behaviors.
The National Health Interview Survey indicated that in 1998, 16% of rural adults reported poor health. [67] Poor rural residents have only 21% Medicaid coverage, while poor urban populations report 30% coverage. [67] Demographic and socioeconomic factors vary between rural and urban areas, which contributes to some health disparities. [67]
In 1995, Jo C. Phelan and Bruce G. Link developed the theory of fundamental causes.This theory seeks to outline why the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health disparities has persisted over time, [1] particularly when diseases and conditions previously thought to cause morbidity and mortality among low SES individuals have resolved. [2]