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In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve. One example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist.
In systems in equilibrium, the critical point is reached only by precisely tuning a control parameter. However, in some non-equilibrium systems, the critical point is an attractor of the dynamics in a manner that is robust with respect to system parameters, a phenomenon referred to as self-organized criticality. [6]
Critical variables are defined, for example in thermodynamics, in terms of the values of variables at the critical point. On a PV diagram, the critical point is an inflection point . Thus: [ 1 ]
Critical phenomena, the collective name associated with the physics of critical points Critical point (thermodynamics), the end point of a phase equilibrium curve; Quantum critical point, a special class of continuous phase transition that takes place at absolute zero
In thermodynamics, the reduced properties of a fluid are a set of state variables scaled by the fluid's state properties at its critical point.These dimensionless thermodynamic coordinates, taken together with a substance's compressibility factor, provide the basis for the simplest form of the theorem of corresponding states.
Critical point may refer to: Critical phenomena in physics; Critical point (mathematics), in calculus, a point where a function's derivative is either zero or nonexistent; Critical point (set theory), an elementary embedding of a transitive class into another transitive class which is the smallest ordinal which is not mapped to itself
Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of matter and radiation.
In thermodynamics, a thermodynamic state of a system is its condition at a specific time; that is, fully identified by values of a suitable set of parameters known as state variables, state parameters or thermodynamic variables.