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These patients may even have blood on their rectal exam, due to passing small amounts of stool around the ulcer and adjacent fecaloma. [2] Patients may have unstable vital signs if they have been having rectal bleeding, have developed stercoral colitis, and/or have had a perforation of the ulcer.
Attempts at removal can have severe and even lethal effects, such as the rupture of the colon wall by catheter or an acute angle of the fecaloma (stercoral perforation), followed by sepsis. It may also lead to stercoral perforation, a condition characterized by bowel perforation due to pressure necrosis from a fecal mass or fecaloma. [14] [15]
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare benign disease characterized by symptoms, clinical findings, and histological abnormalities. [9] Only 40% of patients have ulcers; 20% of patients have a single ulcer, and the remaining lesions range in size and form from broad-based polypoid to hyperemic mucosa. [10]
For example, the mucosal changes that occur with external rectal prolapse can be separated from the mucosal changes seen in SRUS. [ 6 ] The excessive pressure caused by straining (i.e. dyssynergic defecation and constipation) may in the long term lead to development of the spectrum of rectal prolapse conditions (mucosal versus full-thickness ...
Its mechanism is incompletely understood. It is probably due to excessive production of nitric oxide, at least in ulcerative colitis. The prevalence is about the same for both sexes. [citation needed] In patients with HIV/AIDS, cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis is the leading cause of toxic megacolon and emergency laparotomy. CMV may also increase ...
Proctosigmoiditis and left-sided colitis involves the lower colon, from the rectum up the left side of the patient. Patients often respond to topical agents alone, such as Mesalazine, or hydrocortisone enemas. Again, the Mesalazine is preferred for maintenance therapy. Initially a 4 g Mesalazine enema (Rowasa) is given nightly.
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