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Leuser Ecosystem, Aceh. The Leuser Ecosystem is an area of forest located in the provinces of Aceh and North Sumatra on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.Covering more than 2.6 million hectares it is one of the richest expanses of tropical rain forest in Southeast Asia and is the last place on earth where the Sumatran elephant, rhino, tiger and orangutan are found within one area. [1]
The following is a list of ecoregions in Indonesia. An ecoregion is defined by the WWF as a "large area of land or water that contains a geographically distinct assemblage of natural communities". There are terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecoregions. Ecoregions classified into biomes or major habitat types.
The Borneo lowland rain forests cover an area of 428,438 square kilometers, about 57% of Borneo's land area. They cover most of the island below 1000 meters elevation. Borneo is divided between Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, and the lowland rainforests extend into all three countries. [3]
In May 2011, Indonesia declared a moratorium on new logging contracts to help combat this. [14] This appeared to be ineffective in the short-term, as the rate of deforestation continued to increase. By 2012 Indonesia had surpassed the rate of deforestation in Brazil, [15] and become the fastest forest clearing nation in the world. [16]
This ecoregion has a tropical rainforest climate (Köppen: Af).This climate is characterized as hot, humid, and having at least 60 mm of precipitation every month. [5] [6] The lowland rain forests on the west side of the Barisan Mountains are wetter (6,000 mm/year) than those on the east side (2,500+ mm/year).
Sulawesi is the fourth-largest island in Indonesia, and the eleventh-largest in the world. The ecoregion includes many neighboring islands, including the Banggai and Sula Islands to the east, the Sangihe Islands and Talaud Islands to the north, the islands of Buton and Muna to the southeast, and the Selayar Islands to the south.
The Sumatran montane rain forests ecoregion (WWF ID: IM0159) covers the mountainous elevations (greater than 1,000 meters) of the Barisan Mountains Range that runs the length of the southwestern side of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. The ecoregion is almost completely surrounded by the lower elevation Sumatran lowland rain forests. The ...
Tropical rainforests have been called the "jewels of the Earth" and the "world's largest pharmacy", because over one quarter of natural medicines have been discovered there. [2] Rainforests as well as endemic rainforest species are rapidly disappearing due to deforestation, the resulting habitat loss and pollution of the atmosphere. [3]