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The Wallace rule of nines is a tool used in pre-hospital and emergency medicine to estimate the total body surface area (BSA) affected by a burn. In addition to determining burn severity, the measurement of burn surface area is important for estimating patients' fluid requirements and determining hospital admission criteria.
The original Baux score was the addition of two factors, the first being the total body surface area affected by burning (usually estimated using the Wallace rule of nines, or calculated using a Lund and Browder chart) and the second being the age of the patient. The score is expressed as:
In adults, the Wallace rule of nines can be used to determine the total percentage of area burned for each major section of the body. [ 1 ] In burn cases that involve partial body areas, or when dermatologists are evaluating the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score, the patient's palm can serve a reference point roughly equivalent to ...
The first harm reduction vending machine in Ohio was placed in Northside in 2021. Caracole, the Cincinnati region’s nonprofit devoted to fighting HIV and AIDS, operates the machine.
Tobacco harm reduction (THR) is a public health strategy to lower the health risks to individuals and wider society associated with using tobacco products. It is an example of the concept of harm reduction , a strategy for dealing with the use of drugs.
The San Francisco Health Commission unanimously passed a resolution adopting harm reduction as a policy on September 5, 2000. [36] This was passed as a means for drug users' health as well as the prevention of sexually transmitted infections and HIV.
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The Lund and Browder chart is a tool useful in the management of burns for estimating the total body surface area affected. It was created by Dr. Charles Lund, Senior Surgeon at Boston City Hospital , and Dr. Newton Browder, based on their experiences in treating over 300 burn victims injured at the Cocoanut Grove fire in Boston in 1942.