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Sunroot is a literal translation of the Virginia Algonquian term kaishucpenauk reported in 1588. Sunchoke, a name by which it is still known today, was invented in the 1960s by Frieda Caplan, a produce wholesaler trying to revive the plant's appeal. [11] The artichoke part of the Jerusalem artichoke's name comes from the taste of its edible tuber.
Countries by artichoke production in 2016 A map of artichoke production, 2005. This is a list of countries by artichoke production in 2022, based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. [1] The estimated total world artichoke production for 2022 was 1,584,514 metric tonnes. [1]
Yacón, in contrast, is a close relative of the sunflower and Jerusalem artichoke. Unlike many other root vegetables domesticated by the indigenous peoples of the Andes ( ulluco , oca and mashua ), yacón is not photoperiod sensitive and can produce a commercial yield in the subtropics, as well as in mountainous regions.
The artichoke is a domesticated variety of the wild cardoon (Cynara cardunculus), [9] which is native to the Mediterranean area. [1] There was debate over whether the artichoke was a food among the ancient Greeks and Romans, or whether that cultivar was developed later, with Classical sources referring instead to the wild cardoon.
Stachys affinis, commonly called crosne, Chinese artichoke, Japanese artichoke, knotroot, or artichoke betony, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the family Lamiaceae, originating from China. Its rhizome is a root vegetable that can be eaten raw, pickled, dried or cooked.
Cynara species are used as food plants by the larvae of many lepidopterans, such as the artichoke plume moth (Platyptilia carduidactyla), a pest of artichoke crops. [5] C. cardunculus is being developed as a new bioenergy crop in the Mediterranean because of its high biomass and seed oil yields even under harsh conditions. [6] [7]
The sunchoke (Jerusalem artichoke or Helianthus tuberosus) is related to the sunflower, another example of perennial sunflower. The Mexican sunflower is Tithonia rotundifolia. It is only very distantly related to North American sunflowers. False sunflower refers to plants of the genus Heliopsis.
Artichoke production in Italy has a long history. Italy is the world's largest producer of artichokes. [ 1 ] With Spain and France, the three countries produce more than 80% of the world's artichokes .