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Mauritania, [a] formally the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, [b] is a sovereign country in Northwest Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Western Sahara to the north and northwest, Algeria to the northeast , Mali to the east and southeast , and Senegal to the southwest .
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The original inhabitants of Mauritania were the Bafour, presumably a Mande ethnic group, connected to the contemporary Arabized minor social group of Imraguen ("fishermen") on the Atlantic coast. The territory of Mauritania was on the fringe of geographical knowledge of Libya in classical antiquity. Berber immigration took place from about the ...
Predominantly Muslims, the Soninke were one of the early ethnic groups from West Africa to convert to Islam in about the 10th century. [8] The contemporary population of Soninke people is estimated to be over 2 million. [9] The cultural practices of Soninke people are similar to the Mandé peoples, and those of the Imraguen of Mauritania.
The Wolof people (UK: / ˈ w oʊ l ɒ f /) [4] [5] are a West African ethnic group found in northwestern Senegal, the Gambia, and southwestern coastal Mauritania.In Senegal, the Wolof are the largest ethnic group (~39.7%), while elsewhere they are a minority. [6]
Ethnic classifications vary from country to country and are therefore not comparable across countries. While some countries make classifications based on broad ancestry groups or characteristics such as skin color (e.g., the white ethnic category in the United States and some other countries), other countries use various ethnic, cultural ...
The Haratin form an ethnic group distinct from Arab and Tuareg populations, as well as from the contemporary ethnic groups of sub-Saharan Africa. [12] [15] [16] In Mauritania, however, where there are nearly 1.5 million Haratin, they have developed a separate sense of ethnic identity. [8]
By land area Mauritania is the 11th-largest country in Africa and 28th-largest in the world; 90% of its territory is in the Sahara. Most of its population of some 4.3 million lives in the temperate south of the country, with roughly a third concentrated in the capital and largest city, Nouakchott , on the Atlantic coast.