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Bridging to VDD or Vss is equivalent to stuck at fault model. Traditionally bridged signals were modeled with logic AND or OR of signals. If one driver dominates the other driver in a bridging situation, the dominant driver forces the logic to the other one, in such case a dominant bridging fault is used.
Basic fault models in digital circuits include: Static faults, which give incorrect values at any speed and sensitized by performing only one operation: the stuck-at fault model. A signal, or gate output, is stuck at a 0 or 1 value, independent of the inputs to the circuit. the bridging fault model. Two signals are connected together when they ...
Bridging to VDD or Vss is equivalent to stuck at fault model. Traditionally both signals after bridging were modeled with logic AND or OR of both signals. If one driver dominates the other driver in a bridging situation, the dominant driver forces the logic to the other one, in such case a dominant bridging fault is used.
Various fault types may be applied to the diagnostic model. Commonly used fault types are: stuck-at faults, which simulates a node stuck high or low; stuck-open fault, which simulates a disconnected node; bridging faults, which simulate an unwanted connected between two nodes; transition-delay faults, which simulate slow signal switching on a node
The model also fails to detect bridging faults between adjacent signal lines, occurring in pins that drive bus connections and array structures. Nevertheless, the concept of single stuck-at faults is widely used, and with some additional tests has allowed industry to ship an acceptable low number of bad circuits.
YANG Data Model for Connectivity Fault Management Incorporated into 802.1Q-2022 802.1Q-2022: Bridges and Bridged Networks (Rollup of 802.1Qcc/Qcy/Qcr) Current [12] 802.1Qcj-2023 Automatic Attachment to Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) services Current [13] [14] 802.1Qcw-2023
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In computer science, a bridging model is an abstract model of a computer which provides a conceptual bridge between the physical implementation of the machine and the abstraction available to a programmer of that machine; in other words, it is intended to provide a common level of understanding between hardware and software engineers.