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Lactose intolerance is not an allergy, because it is not an immune response, but rather a sensitivity to dairy caused by a deficiency of lactase enzyme. Milk allergy , occurring in about 2% of the population, is a separate condition, with distinct symptoms that occur when the presence of milk proteins trigger an immune reaction.
The LCT gene provides the instructions for making lactase. Lactose intolerance in infants (congenital lactase deficiency) is caused by mutations in the LCT gene. Mutations are believed to interfere with the function of lactase, causing affected infants to have a severely impaired ability to digest lactose in breast milk or formula. [24]
Lactose intolerance is not an allergy, because it is not an immune response, but rather a sensitivity to dairy caused by lactase deficiency. Milk allergy, occurring in only 4% of the population, is a separate condition, with distinct symptoms, that occur when the presence of milk proteins trigger an immune reaction.
Secondary lactose intolerance results from injury to the small intestine, such as from infection, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease or other diseases. [43] [44] Developmental lactose intolerance may occur in premature babies and usually improves over a short period of time. [43] Congenital lactose intolerance is an extremely rare ...
Lactase persistence or lactose tolerance is the continued activity of the lactase enzyme in adulthood, allowing the digestion of lactose in milk. In most mammals , the activity of the enzyme is dramatically reduced after weaning . [ 1 ]
Dairy products may upset the digestive system in individuals with lactose intolerance or a milk allergy. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] People who experience lactose intolerance usually avoid milk and other lactose-containing dairy products, which may cause mild side effects , such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, gas, and nausea.