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An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [1] unofficially but often Eq [2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. It is an archaic quantity that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences (see Equivalent weight § In ...
For example, sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) is a diprotic acid. Since only 0.5 mol of H 2 SO 4 are needed to neutralize 1 mol of OH −, the equivalence factor is: f eq (H 2 SO 4) = 0.5. If the concentration of a sulfuric acid solution is c(H 2 SO 4) = 1 mol/L, then its normality is 2 N. It can also be called a "2 normal" solution.
2 O (l) → Ca 2+ (aq) + Mg(OH) 2 (s) The hydroxide is then converted to magnesium chloride by treatment with hydrochloric acid and heating of the product to eliminate water: Mg(OH) 2 + 2 HCl → MgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O. The salt is then electrolyzed in the molten state. At the cathode, the Mg 2+ ion is reduced by two electrons to magnesium metal: Mg ...
6 Mg(OH) 2 + 6 Cl 2 → 5 MgCl 2 + Mg(ClO 3) 2 + 6 H 2 O. Magnesium perchlorate is a white powder that is easily soluble in water, which can be obtained by the reaction of magnesium oxide and perchloric acid. The hexahydrate crystallizes from the solution, and then it is dried with phosphorus pentoxide in a vacuum at 200~250 °C to obtain the ...
A magnesium(I) dimer is a molecular compound containing a magnesium to magnesium bond (Mg-Mg), giving the metal an apparent +1 oxidation state. Alkaline earth metals are commonly found in the +2-oxidation state, such as magnesium. The M 2+ are considered as redox-inert, meaning that the +2 state is significant. [1]
Treating the solution of different soluble magnesium salts with alkaline water induces the precipitation of the solid hydroxide Mg(OH) 2: Mg 2+ + 2 OH − → Mg(OH) 2. As Mg 2+ is the second most abundant cation present in seawater after Na +, it can be economically extracted directly from seawater by alkalinisation as described here above. On ...
General chemistry (sometimes referred to as "gen chem") is offered by colleges and universities as an introductory level chemistry course usually taken by students during their first year. [1] The course is usually run with a concurrent lab section that gives students an opportunity to experience a laboratory environment and carry out ...
MgSO 4 + Ba(MnO 4) 2 → Mg(MnO 4) 2 + BaSO 4. It can be obtained by the reaction of magnesium chloride and silver permanganate: MgCl 2 + 2AgMnO 4 → Mg(MnO 4) 2 + 2AgCl. The hexahydrate Mg(MnO 4) 2 ·6H 2 O can be crystallized from the solution, which is slightly hygroscopic. [3] The anhydrous form can be obtained by decomposing the ...