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Egyptian faience is a non-clay based ceramic composed of crushed quartz or sand, with small amounts of calcite lime and a mixture of alkalis, displaying surface vitrification due to the soda lime silica glaze often containing copper pigments to create a bright blue-green luster. [7]
Egyptian faience pottery (as opposed to modern faience) was made from fired earthenware colored with a glaze. The art style was popular in the Third Intermediate Period (c. 1069 BC – c. 664 BC) of Egyptian history. Blue-green, the most popular color used on the earthenware, was achieved through the use of a quartz and calcite lime-based glaze ...
With a white glaze, these were able to imitate porcelains both from East Asia and Europe. Amongst the most complicated earthenware ever made are the life-size Yixian glazed pottery luohans of the Liao dynasty (907–1125), Saint-Porchaire ware of the mid-16th century, apparently made for the French court and the life-size majolica peacocks by ...
An important classification system for Egyptian pottery is the Vienna system, which was developed by Dorothea Arnold, Manfred Bietak, Janine Bourriau, Helen and Jean Jacquet, and Hans-Åke Nordström at a meeting in Vienna in 1980. Seriation of Egyptian pottery has proven useful for the relative chronology of ancient Egypt.
Ceramic glaze, or simply glaze, is a glassy coating on ceramics. It is used for decoration, to ensure the item is impermeable to liquids and to minimize the adherence of pollutants. [1] Glazing renders earthenware impermeable to water, sealing the inherent porosity of earthenware. It also gives a tougher surface.
Ptolemaic faience has a self-glazing process. In addition to not using successive layers of glaze after the underglaze, Ptolemaic faience also applied a lower kiln temperature. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] At the firing stage a bake between 900 and 1,000 °C (1,650 and 1,830 °F) is applied to achieve a spectrum between turquoise blue and green.
Glazed Egyptian faience dates to the third millennium BCE), with painted but unglazed pottery used even earlier during the predynastic Naqada culture. Faience became sophisticated and produced on a large scale, using moulds as well modelling, and later also throwing on the wheel. Several methods of glazing were developed, but colours remained ...
Blue faience saucer and stand, New Kingdom (1400–1325 BC) Egyptian blue is closely related to the other vitreous materials produced by the ancient Egyptians, namely glass and Egyptian faience, and it is possible that the Egyptians did not employ separate terms to distinguish the three products from one another. [9]